Colorectal Cancer: Risk Factors, Symptoms and Treatment
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and preventable cancers worldwide. When detected early, survival rates are very high. Regular screening is therefore vital for everyone over 45.
Who Is at Risk?
Several risk factors are associated with colorectal cancer:
- Age 50 and over
- Family history of colorectal cancer
- Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease)
- Genetic factors
- Obesity
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Excessive alcohol and tobacco use
- Low-fiber diet
- Excess consumption of red and processed meat
Symptoms
Colorectal cancer may present in various ways:
- Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation)
- Blood in stool or dark discoloration
- Abdominal pain and bloating
- Unexplained weight loss
- Anemia, fatigue, and general weakness
Early Diagnosis and Screening
Colorectal cancer can be caught and treated at an early stage. Colonoscopy is recommended starting at age 45–50 for all individuals, and earlier if there is a family history of the disease.
Treatment Options
Treatment of colorectal cancer involves several approaches:
- Surgery: Laparoscopic colon resection is the main treatment and is performed using minimally invasive techniques in most cases. In some patients, a temporary stoma may be required depending on tumor location and disease stage.
- Chemotherapy: Drug therapy aimed at destroying cancer cells.
- Radiotherapy: Radiation treatment directed at the cancerous area.
- Targeted Therapy: Medications tailored to the genetic characteristics of the cancer cells.
For evaluation, screening, or surgical consultation, contact us.